Nevertheless, in an effort to system the crystal may be very Sophisticated producing techniques are essential. Since the dawn of this crystal, working on this challenge, we are now the only business on this planet that could be processed During this crystal.
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We summarized The present improvement standing in the higher-ability DUV laser both equally with the wavelength of FHG from the one-μm laser and at 193 nm. The current progress in the good-condition/fiber laser, plus the nonlinear optical crystals, prompts not just the standard electricity but also the beam quality (coherence) on the DUV lasers to an unparalleled level.
The normal ability of the NIR laser still has the potential to generally be improved to tens of watts such as 70 W [26] Should the double-move configuration could possibly be utilized with the Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. Hence, Should the conversion effectiveness of 31% from NIR to DUV can be even now managed at this greater electricity condition, the common output ability from the DUV laser at 258 nm may very well be much more than 20 W, which would certainly be a exceptional ability degree for the DUV laser and cause the unanticipated DUV laser machining results. In addition, for prime-ability DUV laser, the UV hurt of the nonlinear crystal, such as the Home windows for CLBO crystal as well as mirrors, is an additional vital parameter for long-term and secure operation.
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On the other aspect, the ability scaling in the NIR laser is another element to increase the ordinary electricity from the 193-nm DUV laser. As a result of lack of the significant-electrical power amplification solution with the NIR laser (such as at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency procedures including optical more info parameter oscillation (OPO) might be placed on build a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the specified wavelength as well as acquiring relative better power [21]. Not long ago, a diamond Raman laser showed its potential in achieving a substantial power plus a significant conversion efficiency on the 1st Stokes on the one-μm laser [22,23], which means the chance to generally be used during the 193-nm DUV laser technology because of its high Raman gain and enormous frequency change.
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The heart beat length of the second Stokes light-weight was shortened to 5 ns as shown in Determine 7a, an individual-shot photograph from your oscilloscope, which is a typical phenomenon in Raman laser [forty four] although the heart beat period on the pump laser was 10 ns.
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The beam profile revealed in Determine 7b demonstrated a superb beam high-quality as one of many merits of Raman laser, which would be helpful to make a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
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